Issue 4, 2024 

Opening New Spaces: Globalization Oriented Towards the "Global South"

Contents

▍Overseas

How Right-Wing Parties Shape European Politics  Hu Haina

The Race for the “Corridor”：Vision and Prospects of Connectivity in the Middle East  Li Ruiheng

Against the background of the century’s great changes, main powers inside and outside the Middle East are fully aware of the strategic necessity of enhancing connectivity between Asia and Europe with the Middle East as the indispensable corridor. However, differences in vision over how to design and draw the “corridor” trigger a fierce geostrategic competition between the three main camps in the region and great powers behind them. As a result, three mutually exclusive visions of the “corridor” emerge in the Middle East. The capability of these “corridor” visions to balance the relationship between development and security will determine the future geo-economic landscape of the Middle East and the Eurasian integration beyond.

▍Cover Story  Opening New Spaces: Globalization Towards the “South”

The Changing Contemporary World System— From the Bretton Woods System to the Belt and Road Initiative  Cao Yuanzheng

How is “Dual Circulation”Possible? — Insights from the 19th Century “American Path”  Cheng Yawen, Zheng Haiyang

While the United States defines China as its primary strategic competitor and seeks a "decoupling" from China, China proposes a "dual circulation" development paradigm with domestic circulation as the mainstay and internal-external circulation reinforcing each other. It is worth noting that the United States also achieved industrialization through rejuvenating domestic market in the 19th century. Learning experience from this history, China should follow the principle of “politics before economy”, “decoupling before recoupling”, and foster a controllable autonomous market, so as to create new internal and external conditions for "dual circulation".

The Development Model of Southeast Asia Amidst Great Power Rivalry  Zhong Feiteng

Two major intergenerational trade models have been identified in academia when explaining the development of Southeast Asia: the “flying geese” model and the value-added trade model. Currently, Southeast Asian trade is entering the third generation of trade models. Compared to the previous two stages, the internal development space in Southeast Asia has narrowed, although some countries are entering a good period of development. After the end of the pandemic, China continued to adhere to an open policy, stabilizing China ASEAN economic relations, especially with imports from ASEAN still increasing. To assess the future development of Southeast Asia, it is still necessary to combine political and economic considerations.

The Dual Salvation in an Era of Pseudo Surplus Cao Fengze

▍Historical View

Suppressing Powerful Clans and the State Conception in Traditional China  Li Lei

▍Global South

Reorganizing the Archipelago: Resource Nationalism, Industrializat-ion, and Strategic Autonomy in Contemporary Indonesia  Sun Yunxiao

The reason why Joko Widodo can gain widespread public support is that he has inherited the lofty ambitions of Indonesia's founders and intends to build the country into a unified, balanced, internationally important regional and world power through a series of reforms His strategy includes grand infrastructure projects and capital relocation to unify the archipelago, alongside industrial development focusing on national industry, resource nationalization, and downstream processing to navigate Sino-US competition. This approach positions Indonesia as a significant player internationally. Prabowo's alliance with Widodo's political family and his strong political background ensure the continuation of Widodo's development path.

Why Revolution Absent: Understanding Morden Indian Politics’  Evolutionary Development from the Rise and Fall of the Indian National Congress Party  Zhang Minyu  Zhan Danni

The Indian independence movement under the leadership of the Indian National Congress was a gradual integration of India’s state-society structure through both elite infiltration and grassroots mobilization. The Indian National Congress transformed itself from a platform for public opinion into a nationalist party, and facilitated the transformation of colonial Indian state to a nation-state. This evolutionary regime change pathway, after decades of stable political party rotation, has become a “periodic law of history” of modern Indian politics. Though revolutionary discourses like “sampoorna kranti” is alive in modern Indian politics, a revolution, as many Chinese readers would understand, that comprehensively reshapes the state-society structure, thereby unleashing all aspects of India’s potential, has been absent.

▍World View

“Invisible Government”: The Formation of Ideological Control Mechanisms in the United States  Sun Duo

Where are China-US Monetary Relations Heading?  Li Liming

▍New Multination Cooperation

“Connecting Hearts” through Labor— Chinese Enterprises in Kyrgyzstan  Shi Yue

In the current media coverage of the Belt and Road initiative, “connecting people” is often understood as exchanges in the fields of culture, education, media and social groups. Research in Kyrgyzstan shows that the localized operations of Chinese companies are also crucial for this connection. While market-oriented operations consider profits and risks, the overseas operations of Chinese enterprise do not solely fit the narratives of global capitalism or "neo-colonialism. Guided by the basic diplomatic principles of the Chinese government and constrained by China's government-business relations, Chinese companies in Kyrgyzstan, despite challenges, can still establish a benefit-sharing mechanism with local government and communities, and jointly improve material conditions and living standards.

▍The Wealth of Nations

China’s Financial Reform and Socialist Capital  Yu Pinhai

▍Classic Revisited

Leninist Vanguard Party: The Agent Changing the World Yao Zhongqiu

Marxism and Chinese Cultural Tradition  Li Tiezheng,  Ke Guifu