It has been over half a century since the African independence movements emerged after World War II, yet this awakened continent still faces formidable challenges in its development. How to catalyze Africa's modernization and industrialization remains a critical issue for both Africa and the world in the 21st century. China’s particular attention to Africa’s development is tied not only to its responsibilities as a major developing nation but also to its own sustainable development and peaceful rise. The Western comprehensive sanctions imposed on Russia following the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict have exposed the hegemonic nature of the U.S.-dominated international system. We must confront the possibility that the United States could one day leverage this system to comprehensively contain China and begin to contemplate how to unite the vast number of developing countries, including those in Africa, to jointly build a new international system characterized by shared development, equality, and mutual benefit.